Spatio-temporal Drought Dynamics in the Parnaíba River Basin (2000–2024): A Multi-scale Analysis Integrating MODIS-derived Vegetation Anomalies and Climatic Trends

Data, code, results and figures of the article "Spatio-temporal Drought Dynamics in the Parnaíba River Basin (2000–2024): A Multi-scale Analysis Integrating MODIS-derived Vegetation Anomalies and Climatic Trends", accepted for publication in Theoretical and Applied Climatology (Springer Nature). The study combines a MODIS-derived Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI) with precipitation (CHIRPS), ERA5-Land temperature, evapotranspiration and soil moisture, and FAO-56 reference evapotranspiration across the 12 sub-basins of the Parnaíba River Basin, with independent checks (BR-DWGD, TerraClimate), comparison with the SPEI, and a land-use sensitivity test (MapBiomas). Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí (IFPI), Brazil.