KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA INSOLACIJA I KLIMATSKIH FAKTORA U SPECIFIČNIM GRADOVIMA SRBIJE, SA ASPEKTA POGODNOSTI ZA INSTALACIJU PV SISTEMA I OSVRTOM NA ZAŠTITU ŽIVOTNE SREDINE, Ivica Cvetković mr, Univerzitet „Privredna akademija“ Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine,FTN

This work is published in the journal Akademski privrednik broj 2.godina 2024.Brčko UDK 551.521.2:551.583(497.11) DOI:10.7251/AKPR2402082C As a target task and goal of this paper, we have gathered info from five randomly selected cities towards the most optimal city from the Republic of Serbia for installing PV systems - PV power plants that could save electricity, which is a much-needed resource at this current time as an additional energy-sustainable source of electricity. With this paper we also provide an effect for preserving the environment whereby with these PV systems we also protect the environment, using free energy from the sun which is then converted into electricity. On-grid systems which are connected to the power system distribute and replenish energy without pollution. We will use parameters that are most important for selecting cities in the Republic of Serbia - five of which are chosen randomly, and finally deciding on which city has the most optimal capacity for installing and setting up PV power plants. Isolated parameters of the input Global Solar Atlas (GHI), Direct Normal Insolation (DNI), solar energy and output-converted electrical energy PVout specific, climate, as well as other variables (parameters), in which we insert information software (databases or software tools: Global Solar Atlas, RETScreen, NASA, RETScren expert, PVGIS), which perform calculations extracted from the data we need (with graphics of software databases and information database tables). The results are either graphed or tabulated. Our goal is to obtain classified and processed data, which we tabulate and compare. By performing a comparative analysis from data acquired from five randomly selected cities, we will get the results by drawing important and necessary conclusions about the convenience of setting up a PV system. We will then begin interpreting and comparing the results of the research, by making a comparative analysis of the parentheses; In the end, we will tabulate the city with the most optimal conditions for the installation of PV power plants with results obtained for the installation of the PV system. We will perform analyses only with results that support empirical data and evidence related to this city which is the most suitable for the installation of PV power plants and that it will be the most favorable city according to all set parameters (insolation, annual hours of insolation, climate, choice of panels, altitude, economic conditions...). In particular, we will make a small review of certain aspects of the contribution to environmental protection in the context of this paper, furthermore, we will then use the obtained results to draw out certain summative conclusions related to the subject of research as well as the benefits and contributions that we can get from this paper concerning the most current state-of-the-art trends and challenges in the field of energy, artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential role in energy extraction, This is also another contribution to this paper.