Quantum model of the Universe: vacuum-metric evolution and the emergence of physical constants

Preprint.This manuscript is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed.It is currently under consideration for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Research Announcement This paper presents a Quantum Model of the Universe (QMU), in which cosmological expansion, acceleration, and fundamental physical parameters are interpreted as effective characteristics of an evolving vacuum-metric medium. Unlike the standard ΛCDM paradigm, accelerated expansion is not associated with fundamental dark energy, but is instead viewed as a phase regime of the metric arising under a specific vacuum density configuration. It is shown that fundamental constants acquire the status of vacuum-consistent effective quantities, stabilized in the current cosmological epoch but allowing for structured evolution in the past and future. The model does not introduce new physical entities and maintains agreement with local and cosmological observations, remaining fundamentally testable using data from the JWST, DESI, and ELT.