Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-efficacy Instruments in the Preconception and Interconception Periods: Scoping review

This scoping review will map the existing questionnaires used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy related to preconception and interconception care among women of reproductive age, partners, and healthcare providers. Maternal mortality remains a global concern, with evidence showing that contributing risks may arise before pregnancy and increase with higher parity, age, and chronic disease burden (Syairaji et al., 2024; WHO, 2025). Preconception and interconception care are defined as biomedical, behavioral, and social interventions delivered before conception or between pregnancies to optimize maternal health outcomes (Bradfield et al., 2023; WHO, 2013). Interconception care, in particular, focuses on women with previous pregnancy complications and includes assessment of pregnancy history, contraception, birth spacing, lifestyle, and social determinants (Dorney et al., 2020). However, the availability of comprehensive and psychometrically tested instruments to measure these constructs remains limited. Therefore, this review will provide an overview of questionnaires, summarize their key domains and measurement properties.