Scientometric Mapping of E-commerce and Supply Chain Management: Optimization, Digitalization, and Reverse Logistics

The accelerated growth of digitalization has significantly impacted commerce, driving changes in distribution channels, supply chains, and the relevance of strategic alliances. This systematic literature review analyzes the logistics strategies implemented in supply chains within the context of e-commerce, in order to identify prevailing approaches, research trends, and future research directions. A structured search query was applied to two specialized databases covering publications from 2001 to 2025. The analysis employed bibliometric and scientometric tools such as Bibliometrix, Gephi, and Tree of Science (ToS), following the methodological guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 statement. Through scientific mapping, sustained growth of the research field was identified, along with an analysis of the main citation networks. Results reveal three major thematic clusters: (1) logistics strategies in e-CLSCs, with an emphasis on optimization, cooperation, and emerging technologies; (2) logistics innovation and digitalization focused on operational efficiency and returns management; and (3) sustainable reverse logistics in e-commerce, centered on last-mile delivery and consumer experience. Based on the identified clusters, future research directions are proposed, including the optimization of digital returns, the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain for logistics traceability, the analysis of the impact of purchasing channels on profitability, and the development of sustainable and collaborative last-mile delivery models.