The Interplay Between Periodontal Disease and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Recent longitudinal studies and clinical trials have highlighted a significant bidirectional relationship between oral health and systemic well-being, specifically concerning maternal health. Periodontal disease—a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth—has been identified as a potential risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. This paper examines the biological mechanisms, clinical implications, and the role of dental intervention in mitigating these risks