Efficacy of Metal Ions in Retarding Senescence of Skin Fibroblasts: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Studies

This systematic review aims to evaluate and screen the efficacy of various metal ions (e.g., Zinc, Copper, Selenium) in retarding senescence phenotypes (SA-β-gal, CCK-8) in in vitro skin fibroblast models. We will employ a multilevel random-effects meta-analysis to handle dependent effect sizes and use ToxRTool for quality assessment, providing evidence-based candidates for future wet-lab validation.