From Checkerboard to 4.5%: Emergence and Phase Transitions in a Ternary Majority Vote Model

This study explores a simple ternary (-1,0,+1) majority vote model. Starting from a checkerboard initialization (+1 where i+j is even, -1 otherwise), the system spontaneously emerges a stable zero-state fraction of approximately 4.5%, independent of system size. Through systematic parameter scanning, two continuous phase transitions are discovered: - Percolation transition (attraction-driven): critical point ≈ 0.99, critical exponent β = 0.447 - Gravitational transition (gravity-driven): critical point ≈ 1.2, critical exponent β = 0.85 All simulation code, raw data, and generated figures are included in this data package. License: CC-BY 4.0.