Effect of head turns and head movements on gait and balance: a scoping review protocol

Studies vary widely in how they define and measure "head movement" while walking. Though it seems effortless, it involves complex coordination of motor, sensory, and cognitive functions as the head turns during walking. Aging causes declines in these systems, leading to mobility issues and falls—major concerns for older adults, causing injuries, fear, and reduced community participation. Older adults with slower gait are at higher risk of falls. Age-related gait decline can disrupt routines and lower the quality of life. This scoping review examines the existing research on the effects of head turns and movements on walking in older adults.