Language abilities in Williams syndrome: Updated systematic review (2007–2025)

Williams syndrome (Williams–Beuren syndrome) is a rare neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a distinctive cognitive and behavioral profile. Since the influential review by Brock (2007), substantial new empirical research has examined language abilities in this population. Earlier accounts proposed a relative preservation of language abilities, particularly vocabulary, alongside marked weaknesses in visuospatial cognition. However, more recent studies suggest a more heterogeneous linguistic profile and question the notion of a preserved language module. Given the accumulation of new empirical data over the past 15+ years, an updated systematic review is warranted to clarify the current evidence regarding language abilities across domains and to evaluate whether the traditional profile remains supported.