Effects of Brain-Computer Interfaces in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of Applicability and Neuroplasticity

This review aims to explore the application of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) in the rehabilitation of patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), with a particular emphasis on the neuroplasticity mechanisms involved. Existing interventional studies are explored to understand how BCIs can support functional recovery by leveraging motor-related brain activity. The work seeks to evaluate the clinical potential of BCIs in SCI rehabilitation, as well as to identify key neurophysiological changes associated with BCI use. Additionally, standardized approaches are proposed for measuring clinical outcomes and neuroplasticity in future clinical studies, facilitating the effective translation of BCI technology into clinical practice.