Preclinical Test Methods and Metrics for Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Titanium Implants in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review

Innovative patient-specific implants (PSIs) have been emerging rapidly, while standardized evaluation methodology to ensure their safety and effectiveness preclinically hasn’t been established so far. This systematic review was conducted to answer the question, “What preclinical test methods and metrics are used to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 3D-printed, patient-specific titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery?”