Visibility or invisibility: contemporary Spanish female creators in the press dataset

This study investigates the visibility of contemporary Spanish female creators in the cultural sections of two major Spanish newspapers during the 21st century. Using a two-phase methodology, the research combines a quantitative content inventory with a qualitative lexical analysis to conduct a longitudinal observation of gender representation in the press. The results reveal an underrepresentation of female creators, who appear in only 3% of articles on 21st-century Spanish artists, compared with 11% focused on their male counterparts. The lexical analysis shows that vocabulary related to men centers on their work, while articles about women emphasize personal aspects. A gender bias is evident in cultural journalism, highlighting the need for greater awareness and structural changes in media representation practices. Revista Estudos Feministas, Florianópolis, 34(1): e95158. DOI: 10.1590/1806-9584-2026v34n195158