The protective effect of dapagliflozin against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in type 2 diabetes depends on the timing of administration, as evidenced by real-time changes in glomerular filtration rate and renal injury markers.

These data comprise the primary experimental measurements used to generate the key results and include: Real-time functional data: Serial transcutaneous glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurements obtained at baseline (0 h) and at 2, 8, and 24 hours post-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Serum biomarkers: Levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) quantified at the same time points. Renal tubular injury markers: mRNA expression levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in kidney tissue. Histopathological scores: Semi-quantitative assessments of acute and chronic renal injury from hematoxylin and eosin-stained kidney sections. The data are structured to reflect the experimental design, encompassing comparisons between wild-type and type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice, responses to graded LPS doses (2, 5, and 10 mg/kg), and the evaluation of three dapagliflozin administration regimens (Preventive, Therapeutic, and Whole-course) in T2DM mice subjected to moderate-dose (5 mg/kg) LPS. These datasets collectively provide the quantitative foundation for the analyses of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury severity, the exacerbating role of diabetes, and the timing-dependent renoprotective efficacy of SGLT2 inhibition presented in the study.