Offset Transactions as Part of the Import Substitution Strategy for Industrial Gas Infrastructure

This article examines the legal and technical potential of offset agreements as a strategic tool for addressing the gasification of domestic industrial facilities under the restrictions imposed by nineteen rounds of sanctions. The relevance of this study stems from the need to ensure energy independence and sustainable development of Russian enterprises in a drastically altered foreign economic environment. The authors analyze the legal nature of offset agreements and their advantages in aligning the interests of the state (as a guarantor of demand) and private businesses (as investors and contractors), particularly against the backdrop of global gas market dynamics among producing and consuming countries. Particular attention is given to mechanisms enabling localization of gas equipment production and infrastructure construction in exchange for long-term government contracts. It is shown that this model of interaction can support the gas industry, serve as a catalyst for import substitution, stimulate interregional cooperation, and meet projected energy demand. The paper also identifies key risks and administrative barriers hindering the widespread use of offsets and offers practical recommendations for adapting this mechanism to accelerate gasification of the real sector of the economy. This study may be of interest to government officials, industrial managers, entrepreneurs, and experts in energy and public-private partnerships. The article concludes with several findings illustrated by examples.