Technolabor: Addressing the Question of Directions for the Development of Labor Relations in the Context of Advancing Artificial Intelligence Systems and Production Robotization

The paper is devoted to new trends in the development of labor relations in the context of the spread of artificial intelligence systems and robotization of production in Russia. The authors highlight the concept of technolabor as a key area, namely a form of work in which workers perform tasks in close collaboration with digital and autonomous technologies, including neural network platforms and robotic systems. Particular attention is given to the analysis of the legal consequences of such interaction, innovations in labor legislation and changes in the substance of the employee’s labor function. It is argued that the integration of artificial intelligence and robotic systems leads to a blurring of the characteristic of personal performance of a work function and to a transformation of employee responsibilities, including the need to formulate a task, monitor and adjust the result, as well as possess specific digital competencies. The authors highlight the risks of legal liability for workers when using neural networks due to the unpredictability of results and possible errors («hallucinations» of neural networks). The social effects of the introduction of technolabor are considered, including possible reductions in wages and working hours, as well as the problems of fair distribution of the benefits of robotics between employers and employees. This paper analyzes the procedural and legal aspects of changes to employment contracts initiated by employers during technological modernization under Article 74 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. It emphasizes the need for further refinement of the regulatory framework and legal mechanisms for employee protection.