Role of supportive periodontal therapy among patients with implant-supported dental prostheses: a review

Prevention of inflammation in periodontal and peri-implant tissues remains a fundamental yet insufficiently studied challenge in contemporary dentistry, retaining its clinical relevance. This review aimed to analyze current strategies for preventing and managing periodontal diseases in patients with implant-supported prostheses. A total of 319 articles were screened from international (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar) and Russian (eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka) databases, with 55 publications specifically addressing the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant diseases included in the analysis. This review addresses the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal and peri-implant diseases, which are among the most common oral diseases. Particular attention is given to supportive periodontal therapy, which aims to stabilize remission of chronic inflammation by reducing microbial load below critical thresholds. A differentiated approach is highlighted as essential, depending on the patient’s condition severity. Various preventive and therapeutic approaches for managing periodontal diseases in patients with implant-supported dental prostheses are evaluated. The authors provide a critical analysis of the publications, underscoring the fragmented nature of existing therapeutic approaches, the uncertainty surrounding the multifactorial etiology, and the genetic predisposition of these diseases — factors that frequently limit current treatments to symptomatic management. Given the incomplete understanding of disease pathogenesis, contemporary clinical strategies largely focus on optimizing prevention and management through empirical, trial-and-error methods.