Development and Life Cycle Assessment of Novel Degradable Composite Materials Based on Waste Lignocellulose/Microbial Synthesis

This paper mainly studies the technical approach of constructing new environmentally friendly composites using waste lignocellulose (crop straw, sawdust, etc.) and microbial synthetic polymer materials (polyhydroxyfatty acid esters, PHA or bacterial cellulose, BC). The combination of physical modification and biosynthesis overcomes the brittleness and high cost of a single biomaterial. At the same time, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method was used to compare the differences in carbon footprint and environmental impact between the composite and traditional petroleum-based plastics. The research shows that the composite has broad application prospects in packaging, agricultural film, and other areas, and can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.