Green Sukuk as a Manifestation of Islamic Ecotheology: The Integration of Maqasid al-Shariah and Environmental Sustainability in Indonesia

As an emerging form of sustainable Islamic finance, Green Sukuk has gained prominence in Indonesia’s environmental governance agenda. This study examines Green Sukuk as a manifestation of Islamic ecology and an instrument for the actualization of Maqasid al-Shariah in achieving sustainable development in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to identify the conceptual relationship between Maqasid al-Shariah and Islamic ecotheology within the framework of sustainable Islamic finance, as well as to analyse the role of Green Sukuk in realizing ecological maqasid through the financing of environmentally friendly projects. This study uses a qualitative approach with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on the PRISMA 2020 framework, using data from Scopus, WoS, and official reports from the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The results of the study show that Maqasid al-Shariah and Islamic ecotheology have a conceptual relationship that is complementary and transdisciplinary. Islamic ecotheology serves as a theological foundation that affirms the sacredness of nature as a divine mandate (amanah ilahiyyah), while Maqasid al-Shariah acts as a normative framework that guides the orientation of development toward maslahah 'ammah and ecological balance (mizan). This integration expands the classical maqasid through the dimension of environmental conservation (hifz al-bi'ah) as a contemporary sharia goal that connects spirituality with public governance, and Green Sukuk serves as an implementive instrument that operationalizes the principle of ecological maqasid in the country’s fiscal policy. From 2018 to 2024, total issuances reached USD 10.84 billion, with the main allocation focused on renewable energy, sustainable transportation, and climate resilience. Thus, Green Sukuk is an expression of moral, spiritual, and Islamic public policy in maintaining ecological balance and realizing maqasid-based green finance in Indonesia.