Clinical Course of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection

The anogenital area is the main target of Lichen Sclerosus (LS) and is commonly diagnosed in postmenopausal women. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection increases the risk of LS, and treatment of LS with HPV infection requires special attention. The aim of this case report is to present the complications of HPV infection and the challenges associated with its treatment. We conducted a clinical interview to obtain details on symptoms, medical history, and patient complaints. The diagnosis was confirmed through a skin biopsy. A 56-year-old woman, with a history of Condyloma Accuminata, complained of white patches on the vaginal and anal area that felt stiff, itching (+) VAS 3/10. The physical examination showed ulcers with erythematous bases and hypopigmented macules, as well as sclerosis and atrophy. Histopathology revealed hyalinized eosinophilic collagen bundles. The patient was diagnosed with Vulvar et Perianal Lichen Sclerosus and was given Clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment for four weeks. Improvement was noted during follow-up, with no clinical evidence of HPV reactivation observed. The occurrence of HPV-induced LS and its reactivation during treatment highlights the importance of close observation, personalized therapy, and immune system balance to manage both conditions successfully.