Effectiveness of Gayo Coffee on the Malondialdehyde Levels in Male Mice Diabetic Model

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with chronic complications involving multiple organs. Oxidative stress is one of the key pathological mechanisms in DM, and malondialdehyde (MDA) is widely used as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. Gayo coffee has been reported to contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties that may attenuate oxidative stress. This study investigated the effect of Gayo coffee extract on blood glucose and MDA levels in a diabetic mouse model. Thirty male mice were randomly allocated into five groups: standard control (K1), positive control (K2), negative control (K3), and two treatment groups receiving alloxan induction, high-fat diet, and Gayo coffee extract at 0.39 mL/day (P1) or 0.78 mL/day (P2). Blood glucose levels were analyzed using paired t-tests, while MDA concentrations were evaluated by one-way ANOVA followed by Tamhane’s post hoc test. In the P1 group, blood glucose decreased significantly to 196.3 mg/dL (p = 0.021). MDA levels differed significantly among groups (p = 0.001). Both P1 (p = 0.007) and P2 (p < 0.001) showed significantly lower MDA levels compared with K3. Administration of 0.39 mL/day Gayo coffee extract reduced blood glucose and decreased MDA levels, supporting its potential antioxidative effect in diabetes.