Awareness of black box warnings and high-risk medications among second-year MBBS students: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Black box warnings (BBWs) are the strongest medication safety alerts issued by regulatory authorities. This study evaluates awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward BBWs among second-year MBBS students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 150 students using a validated questionnaire. Knowledge was assessed using a 7-item key. Descriptive statistics summarized findings. Results: Only 28% were aware of BBWs. Mean knowledge score was 2.18±1.4, with 61.3% classified as poor knowledge. Attitude scores were positive (mean 14.6±2.9). Only 17% had ever checked BBWs. Conclusions: Students demonstrated low BBW awareness but strong willingness to learn, supporting the need for BBW-focused curriculum revision.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Pharmacy and Medical Practices
Patient Safety and Medication Errors
Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
Publication details
- Journal / source
- International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 300–303
- Publication date
- 23 February 2026
- Language
- EN