Breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices among postnatal mothers in North Kerala

Background: Early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding are one of the most effective ways to ensure child’s survival, growth and development. Breast milk is the ideal food for infants which helps to protect against many common childhood illnesses and provides all the energy and nutrients that needed for the first months of life. However, only less than half of infants under 6 months old are exclusively breastfed. This study is aimed to assess the early initiation, knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding practices among postnatal mothers in the community of Perinthalmanna, North Kerala. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 146 postnatal mothers with infants aged 0–6 months for a period of 3 months. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic details, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and influencing factors. Descriptive analysis was performed using percentages and proportions. Results: Among 146 participants, 78% initiated breastfeeding within one hour of delivery, out of which 65% practiced exclusive breastfeeding at the time of study. The main reasons for delayed initiation were cesarean delivery and lack of guidance. Mothers with higher education and prior counseling practiced exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions: Although breastfeeding initiation rates are satisfactory, exclusive breastfeeding practices remain suboptimal. Health care professionals should provide continuous breastfeeding education and postnatal counseling to mothers, especially first-time mothers which can improve early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices.