A cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the measles immunization during an outbreak of measles in an urban slum of a metropolitan city

Background: Measles is a highly infectious disease, and Mumbai experienced an outbreak in 2022, resulting in 600 cases and 17 deaths. Inadequate immunization coverage has been suggested as a key factor, yet the underlying reasons remain unclear. Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to explore caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding measles-containing vaccines (MCV) during the outbreak in an urban slum. Caregivers of children aged 9 months to 5 years presenting with febrile rash at Baiganwadi Health Post were surveyed using a 30-item peer-validated questionnaire administered via telephone after verbal consent. Results: Among 100 participants, 99% recognized measles, but only 10% identified all key symptoms, and 53% were unaware of potential complications. Vaccination coverage was low: 50% unvaccinated, 18% unsure, 25% partially vaccinated, and 7% fully vaccinated. Common barriers included lack of awareness, concurrent illness, and fear of side effects. Conclusion: The findings highlight significant immunization gaps and underscore the need for targeted community-based interventions to improve MCV coverage in vulnerable populations.