Microbiological monitoring of surfaces in the central operating room: Analysis of samples collected from April to September 2024

Background: Nosocomial infections, particularly surgical site infections, remain a major public health concern worldwide. Contaminated hospital surfaces play a critical role in the transmission of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. This study aimed to assess microbial contamination in the central operating room of the tertiary care hospital.Materials and Methods: A total of 100 surface samples were collected between April and September 2024 from critical areas in the operating theatre after surface disinfection with a quaternary ammonium–based detergent (0.25%), followed by airborne disinfection using 6% hydrogen peroxide. Sampling was performed using sterile swabs pre-moistened with saline solution, in accordance with NF EN ISO 14698-1 (2004). Samples were analyzed in the bacteriology laboratory using standard microbiological techniques for identification of environmental bacteria, employing the Becton Dickinson Phoenix™ automated system and MALDI-TOF MS.Results: The analysis revealed persistent contamination despite cleaning procedures. The predominant microorganisms identified were Klebsiella oxytoca (40%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (30%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%), and Pseudomonas putida (10%). These bacteria are known opportunistic pathogens associated with multidrug resistance, underscoring their clinical significance in surgical environments.Conclusion: The persistence of multidrug-resistant bacteria on operating room surfaces highlights the urgent need for enhanced infection prevention and control measures. The introduction of stricter cleaning protocols, combined with airborne surface disinfection and targeted infection control training for staff, is essential to reduce microbial load and minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections.