Management of a pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip: about a case observed at the odonto-stomatology department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar (Senegal)

Introduction: The minor salivary glands can be the site of inflammatory and tumoral disorders.Among these disorders, pleomorphic adenomas represent between 60 and 65% of all salivary gland tumors. Its incidence is 10% for the minor salivary glands.The objective of this study was to report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip treated in the Odontostomatology Department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar.Case Presentation: The patient was 60 years old and was referred for a painless upper lip swelling that had been progressing for 2 years. The patient had hypertension that was not under medical supervision.A deforming swelling of the upper lip and subnasal region was noted. Ultrasound revealed a circumscribed mass of the upper lip measuring 24.8 × 15.4 mm.Treatment was surgical and medical.The etiopathogenesis of pleomorphic adenoma is still not well understood. However, radiation, smoking, genetic predisposition, and chemicals are known to be factors that promote the development of pleomorphic adenoma.In this patient, none of these contributing factors were found, apart from the removable prosthesis, which could be a source of trauma.Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, imaging, and histopathology.Conclusion: Pleomorphic adenoma is rarely located in the upper lip, making this case an unusual observation. Given the benign nature of this type of tumor, complete surgical excision generally offers a good prognosis.