Growth hormone-releasing hormone in retinal disorders and uveitis: an updated review

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic releasing hormone that plays a crucial physiological role in regulating the synthesis and release of anterior pituitary hormones. In recent years, studies have found that GHRH possesses functions like anti-inflammation, promoting cell proliferation, and facilitating cell migration. It participates in regulating the development of uveitis and diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, it also has an impact on the development of retinal ganglion cells by modulating the inflammatory response and mediating the immune response. Given the important roles of GHRH in ophthalmic diseases, elucidating the molecular regulation of the GHRH-GHRH receptor (GHRHR) signal and the innovative development of intervention pathways that directly or indirectly target GHRH serve as strong evidence of how basic research guides innovation and translation. In this review, research reports on GHRH in ophthalmic diseases including retinal diseases and uveitis were summarized and analyzed.