Breaking methodological boundaries: Assistive technology development involving people with deafblindness

Background: Deafblindness presents multifaceted challenges in communication, access to information, and independent mobility. Although assistive technologies can enhance safety, independence, and social participation, most are designed for single sensory loss, seldom incorporating the perspectives of individuals with dual sensory impairment. Aim: This study explored how individuals with deafblindness experience participation in the development of an assistive technology device, and identified key factors that facilitate co-creation between experts by experience, advisors, and researchers. Methods: A qualitative participatory research project designed as a case study engaged deafblind experts by experience across all project phases, including co-authorship of this article. Data were generated through iterative testing, reflective group discussions and written evaluations, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Two main themes were identified: Shifting between hope and disappointment in the development of new technology, and From user and advisor to project collaborator. Participants reported enthusiasm and learning, alongside challenges arising from technical limitations and differing expectations. The collaborative process fostered mutual understanding and deeper insight, but required substantial time, individual adaptation and facilitation, including tailored communication environments. Conclusion: User involvement of people with deafblindness in the development of assistive technology is both feasible and valuable, yet complex and resource intensive. It is crucial that all stakeholders possess knowledge of the consequences of dual sensory loss to address the needs of this group. Early and continuous involvement, combined with awareness of power dynamics and a commitment to mutual learning, enhances the quality, relevance, and ethical integrity of participatory research.