Effects of inferior vena cava filter implantation on anxiety and clinical outcomes in patients with malignancy-associated lower extremity deep vein thrombosis

Background: The incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) in patients with malignant tumors is relatively high, which brings a significant economic burden and affects prognosis. The use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filter implantation in these patients provides a new approach to optimize disease treatment. Aim: To analyze the impact of IVC filter implantation on the anxiety levels and complications in patients with malignant tumors and LEDVT. Methods: A total of 90 eligible cases treated in our hospital from February 2021 to October 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, each with 45 cases, using the random number table method. The control group was treated with edoxaban, while the observation group was treated with a combination of IVC filter implantation. The levels of anxiety, lower limb circumference, thrombus removal effect, hematological indicators, and the incidence of treatment-related complications in the two groups were compared. In addition to routine clinical indicators, standardized psychometric instruments were used to quantitatively assess anxiety levels before and after treatment. Changes in psychological status were compared between groups alongside somatic and hematological outcomes. Results: After treatment, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); there were significant differences in the intergroup, time, and interaction effects on the lower limb healthy-affected side circumference difference after treatment (P < 0.05), and the observation group had a lower limb healthy-affected side circumference difference than the control group at 1 week after treatment and at discharge (P < 0.05); the thrombus removal success rate in the observation group was 88.89%, significantly higher than the 71.11% in the control group (P < 0.05); after treatment, the improvement in D-dimer (D-D) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FIB), and thrombin time (TT) in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of treatment-related complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: IVC filter implantation can alleviate the anxiety of patients with malignant tumors and LEDVT, improve the effect of thrombus removal, and will not significantly increase the risk of complications. It is worth promoting in clinical practice.