Regulation and Ethics of Halal Television Content in Indonesia and Malaysia: A Comparative Study

This study aims to comparatively analyze the regulation and ethics of halal content production in the television industry in Indonesia and Malaysia. The two Muslim-majority countries both place the halal aspect as an important principle in broadcasting, but implement it through different regulatory frameworks and supervisory mechanisms. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative comparative approach to legislation, broadcasting guidelines, and the role of authoritative institutions in each country. The results show that Indonesia relies on the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI) with a reactive supervision approach through the Broadcasting Law and P3SPS, as well as the support of the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) which is consultative in nature. Meanwhile, Malaysia applies a more integrated and proactive system through Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (MCMC) and Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) since the pre-production stage. In terms of ethics, both countries emphasize moral values, Islamic morals, and protection of the public from content that goes against sharia principles. This study confirms the importance of synergy between formal regulations and Islamic ethics to create a competitive, value-oriented television industry and support the strengthening of the regional halal industry ecosystem.