Toward Industry 4.0 Competencies: Insights from On-the-Job Training Programs in Higher Education Institution
Abstract
This study investigates how On-the-Job Training (OJT) programs in a Philippine higher education institution support the development of Industry 4.0 competencies among IT and Hospitality students. Using a mixed-method approach, findings reveal that while soft skills like communication and attention to detail are highly developed, core Industry 4.0 competencies—especially data-driven decisionmaking—remain limited. Public sector placements offer smoother experiences but less technical challenge, while private placements provide more dynamic, skillenhancing tasks. A significant association was found between placement type and challenges encountered. The study underscores the need for curriculum and placement reforms to align OJT experiences with digital industry demands.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Hospitality and Tourism Education
Higher Education and Employability
Competency Development and Evaluation
Publication details
- Journal / source
- TEM Journal
- Publisher
- Association for Information Communication Technology Education and Science (UIKTEN)
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 1795–1795
- Publication date
- 27 May 2026