Experience in mapping landscapes of the Makazhoy basin, Chechnya, Russia based on remote sensing data

The objective was to compile a medium‐scale landscape map of the Makazhoy basin, in which the Kadyrov CHSU carbon landfill is located, based on data from remote sensing of the Earth of medium and high spatial resolution. Analysis of various Earth remote sensing data in the GIS environment was performed. To analyse and evaluate the contribution of relief to the formation of landscapes, a digital relief model and derived raster images obtained on its basis (steepness and exposure of slopes, horizontal and vertical dissection and distribution of solar radiation over the studied area) were used. The thermal conditions were estimated based on the temperature of the Earth's surface. The general features of humidification of the territory and spatial distribution of vegetation cover were determined on the basis of spectral/vegetation indices. The compiled map compiled is one of the main undertakings in the emerging GIS of the carbon polygon of the A.A. Kadyrov Chechnyan State University. A number of thematic maps have been created based on a digital relief model and multispectral images using GIS technologies. A series of maps obtained on the basis of a digital relief model made it possible to assess its contribution to the processes of differentiation and integration of landscapes of various classification units. The relatively homogeneous areas identified were then compared with spectral images, which made it possible to estimate the spatial distribution of vegetation cover. As a result, a landscape map has been created up to the level of landscape types. The result of a complex of studies combining field observations and processing of Earth remote sensing data was a landscape map of the Makazhoy basin, which reflected 3 types, 3 subtypes, 3 genera and 9 types of landscapes belonging to the class of mountainous.