Genres of praise and condemnation in dialect communication (based on Saratov Dialectological Corpus)

The article with the structural and functional parameters of the genres of praise and condemnation in dialectal discourse. The importance of these genres in the structure of dialect texts recorded during dialectological expeditions is determined by the fact that they are actualized, as a rule, by dialect speakers, that is, they are as close as possible to dialect communication in natural conditions. The basis of the research is two subcorpora of Saratov Dialectological Corpus (the dialect of the village Belogornoe and the dialect of the village Earthen farms) which allows us to draw objective conclusions that can be extended to dialect communication in general. In the course of the research, it was possible to establish the specifics of the main components of the analyzed oppositional genres. Thus, it was revealed that the subject of evaluation in the genres of praise and condemnation is the dialect speaker himself; in the genre of condemnation, cases of coincidence of the subject and the object of evaluation are frequent, and in the genre of praise such coincidences are rare. The research determines the dependence of the object of negative and positive assessment on the reference situation. The analysis of the basis of assessment in the studied genres showed a variety of factors – moral and moral qualities, behavioral characteristics, norms of speech etiquette. When considering numerous cases of simultaneous realization of the genres of praise and condemnation, it was revealed that this is due to the actualization of the conceptual opposition “friend and foe”, and the main manifestation of this opposition for the analyzed genres were generational differences in the perception of social, moral and ethical norms. It is concluded that the genres of praise and condemnation are important for the reconstruction of the modern dialectal value system.