Precocious adrenarche in children under five years old with adrenal adenocarcinoma

Objective: describe the main laboratory, imaging and histopathological findings in pediatric patients with adrenal adenocarcinoma, as well as the clinical progression of the analyzed cases. Methods: descriptive study was conducted by reviewing medical records of children seen at the Endocrinology and Metabolism Department from a tertiary hospital in the Brazil, from October 1999 to March 2024. Results: four cases with ages at diagnosis ranging from six months to two years and six months, female and with precocious adrenarche. During the follow-up, only one patient developed recurrent metastases and subsequently died. Three have shown good progress to date. Conclusion: early diagnosis and active postoperative surveillance are crucial for a favorable prognosis and survival of patients with adrenal adenocarcinoma.