Nutritional risk factors related to non-communicable diseases in the world

The global burden of non-communicable diseases is increasing, with unhealthy diets being a key contributing factor. The Western diet, which is now widespread due to technology, food industry practices, and globalization, conflicts with the dietary principles of the World Health Organization. Consisting of high-calorie, nutrient-poor foods, it contributes to increased mortality and morbidity related to non-communicable diseases. This review examines the links between nutrition-related risk factors and non-communicable diseases by searchingthe PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as the World Health Organization and United Nations reports. The emphasis was placed on recent, authoritative sources, with data collected from January 2024 to August 2025 and updated based on reviewer feedback.