SpeechMedAssist: Efficiently and Effectively Adapting Speech Language Models for Medical Consultation

Medical consultations are intrinsically speechcentric.However, most prior works focus on long-text-based interactions, which are cumbersome and patient-unfriendly.Recent advances in speech language models (SpeechLMs) have enabled more natural speech-based interaction, yet the scarcity of medical speech data and the inefficiency of directly fine-tuning on speech data jointly hinder the adoption of SpeechLMs in medical consultation.In this paper, we propose SpeechMedAssist, a SpeechLM natively capable of conducting speech-based multi-turn interactions with patients.By exploiting the architectural properties of SpeechLMs, we decouple the conventional one-stage training into a two-stage paradigm consisting of (1) Knowledge & Capability Injection via Text and (2) Modality Re-alignment with Limited Speech Data, thereby reducing the requirement for medical speech data to only 10k synthesized samples.To evaluate SpeechLMs for medical consultation scenarios, we design a benchmark comprising both single-turn question answering and multi-turn simulated interactions.Experimental results show that our model outperforms all baselines in both effectiveness and robustness in most evaluation settings.