Swot Analysis of the Production Ecosystem of Attapady Black Goat Towards Geographical Indication Status

Background: Attapady Black goats, a distinct native meat-type breed traditionally reared under extensive systems, show strong potential for geographical indication (GI) recognition. The study used SWOT analysis to assess the key strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the prospective GI value chain pertaining to the production ecosystem of Attapady Black goats. As an effective tool for integrating multiple factors influencing livestock systems, SWOT analysis helped identify the determinants and interventions needed for prospective GI protection and guided the development of a strategic framework for future GI governance. Methods: The study, conducted in Attapady Block panchayat from November 27, 2023, to October 23, 2024, adopted an exploratory research design involving diverse actors of Attapady Black goat value chain. SWOT factors across five domains of territory and biodiversity, knowledge and practices, production and transformation, marketing and consumption and governance, were prioritised using Garrett’s ranking technique. Result: The SWOT analysis identified key strengths such as the native Attapady Black goat breed of the region, rich local biodiversity, traditional knowledge systems, rising demand for organic meat and supportive tribal and goat husbandry programmes. Major weaknesses included declining breed numbers, indiscriminate breeding, biodiversity degradation, substance abuse and absence of formal governance structures. The top ranked opportunities were growing market for organic produce, available certification mechanisms, provisions of the GI Act and strong institutional support systems. Key threats included wildlife attacks, forest clearance, denial of tribal rights and lack of breed specific conservation schemes.