Intestinal histopathology of domestic pigeons Columba livia domestica Gmelin, 1789 infected with nematode Ascaridia columbae (Gmelin, 1790) from Kashmore, Sindh, Pakistan

The purpose of the study was to examine and identify the pathological intestinal injuries and lesions in Domestic pigeons Columba livia domestica Gmelin, 1789, which were naturally infected by a number of nematode parasites Ascaridia columbae (Gmelin, 1790).The data sample was collected from four different localities Kandhkot, Ghouspur, Kashmore, and Buxapur of Kashmore, Sindh, Pakistan during August 2023 to May 2025.A total of 08 specimens were recovered.The prevalence was recorded 75%.The parasite belongs to (Nemathelminthes: Nematoda: Ascaridida) family Ascaridiidae.The species was highly pathogenic and were found in different regions of intestines of the hosts.Histopathological slides of intestine were prepared and observed of total 12 Domestic pigeons.Major histopathological findings included necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, distortions and dilation of intestinal glands, destruction of the crypt cells, mineralization, pigment deposition, destruction of the superficial intestinal lining, infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, mononuclear cells, and eosinophils, destruction and disorganization of muscular layer, atrophy of villi, increase cellular replica of Brunner's and crypt glands and their secretions stopped, the blood vessels were damaged.Occurrence of necrosis in the infected parts of intestine of infected Domestic pigeons like mucosa, villi and intestinal glands and show polymorpho nuclear and mononuclear cells in necrotized zone.The research aim was to identify a greater number of the intestinal species of parasites in hosts with the comparison of their pathology for poultry breeders for maintaining the economy.Nematode parasites Ascaridia columbae (Gmelin, 1790) with their histopathological changes were identified and investigated first time from study area Kashmore, Sindh, Pakistan.The kind of study also help in diagnosing the other various types of diaereses in Domestic pigeons.