Experimental study on material preparation and mechanical properties with of wave impedance gradient variation

To promote dynamic disaster prevention and blasting efficiency in deep mining, this study prepared wave-impedance rock materials by adjusting air-entraining agent content. Through nuclear magnetic resonance and uniaxial compression tests, we analyzed the microstructure and static mechanical properties of the specimens, particularly the effects of wave impedance and loading rate on static strength, failure modes, and energy evolution. Results show that higher air-entraining agent content increased porosity but reduced wave impedance and compressive strength. At constant wave impedance, compressive strength increased with higher loading rate, coupled with rising fragmentation degree and shear angle. Conversely, lower wave impedance at fixed loading rates reduced strength, fragmentation, and shear angle. Total energy and elastic strain energy decreased, while dissipated energy decreased in amount but increased in its proportion. Brittleness reduced while ductility increased, exhibiting a shift from brittle to ductile failure. This study provides theoretical and statistical support for safe, efficient deep resource mining dynamics.