天然低共熔溶剂提取油茶籽油多酚及其成分分析Polyphenols extraction from camellia seed oil using natural deep eutectic solvents and its component analysis

旨在为油茶籽油中多酚类物质的提取提供一种绿色高效的方法，制备了11种天然低共熔溶剂 (NADESs)，并从中筛选出最适提取油茶籽油多酚的NADESs，在此基础上通过单因素实验和响应面法优化NADESs提取油茶籽油多酚的工艺，并采用液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）技术分析了油茶籽油多酚类物质组成成分。结果表明：以氯化胆碱-丙二醇组成的NADESs的多酚提取效果最佳；最佳提取工艺条件为含水率30%、丙二醇与氯化胆碱物质的量比2.5∶ 1、超声时间60 min、超声温度30 ℃，在此条件下多酚含量为38.05 mg/kg；通过LC-MS/MS从多酚提取物中鉴定出20种多酚类物质，其中山柰酚含量最高，为1 319.07 μg/kg。综上，采用氯化胆碱-丙二醇组成的NADESs可实现油茶籽油中多酚类物质的绿色、高效提取。 Aiming to establish a green and efficient method for extracting polyphenols from camellia seed oil, eleven types of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were prepared, from which the most suitable NADESs for polyphenol extraction from camellia seed oil was selected. Subsequently, the extraction process was optimized using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The polyphenol composition was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The results showed that the NADESs composed of choline chloride and propylene glycol exhibited the best extraction performance. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: water content 30%, molar ratio of propylene glycol to choline chloride 2.5∶ 1, ultrasonic time 60 min, and ultrasonic temperature 30 ℃. Under these conditions, the polyphenol content reached 38.05 mg/kg. A total of 20 polyphenolic compounds in polyphenol extracts were identified by LC-MS/MS, with kaempferol being the most abundant at 1 319.07 μg/kg. In conclusion, the NADESs composed of choline chloride and propylene glycol enable green and efficient extraction of polyphenols from camellia seed oil.