Avaliação da espécie Distimake Dissectus na atenuação solar em fachadas verdes indiretas simples e dupla

The green façade is a typology of vertical gardens that can be utilised as a bioclimatic strategy to control solar radiation in buildings. As a result, in addition to enhancing urban environments, these strategies positively impact the thermal and energy efficiency of constructions. However, the efficiency of solar attenuation depends on physical parameters that vary for each species. In this context, an experimental study was conducted with two indirect green façades, in single and double layers, composed of the climbing plant Distimake dissectus (Jacq.) A.R. Simões & Staples, in the city of Promissão-SP, to evaluate the solar attenuation potential of both systems. The data obtained enabled the determination of the following: the percentage of green coverage (PCV); incident and protected solar radiation; the leaf area index (LAI), measured using the destructive method; and the calculation of structural loads. The results showed that the species grows rapidly, reaching maximum development on the façade structure within five months after planting, while also demonstrating a high potential for solar attenuation: 94.86% in the single-layer system (LAI 3.46) and 95.08% in the double-layer system (LAI 4.00). Regarding structural loads, the single-layer façade had a total weight of 8.86 kg, while the double-layer façade weighed 9.8 kg. Finally, statistical tests were conducted to verify the existence of a real difference in the solar protection offered by the façades, indicating that the double-layer green façade provided greater solar radiation protection.