Multi-layered Linguistic Analysis of Evacuation Information During Heavy Rain Disasters —A Comparative Study of Media-Specific Evacuation Messages for 2025—

This study analyzes the linguistic characteristics of evacuation information delivered via disaster management radio, emergency alert emails, and SNS, focusing on major heavy-rain disasters in Japan in 2025. As climate change intensifies disasters, evacuation alerts must function as “performative language” to trigger immediate action. This study examines media-specific differences and commonalities through lexical, pragmatic, and discourse analyses. The analysis revealed that disaster management radio prioritizes auditory reach using plain vocabulary and repetitive, simple structures to overcome environmental noise. Conversely, emergency alert emails utilize professional Sino-Japanese terminology like “Vertical Evacuation” and “Linear Precipitation Zone” to maximize visual immediacy and information density. SNS and websites employ persuasive discourse explaining logical causalities to encourage voluntary cooperation and foster digital solidarity via hashtags. Despite these variations, all channels maintained a consistent core message through the phrase “Action to protect lives” and the adverb “Immediately.” This study provides foundational data for developing optimized disaster communication guidelines tailored to situational and media-specific technical constraints.