Advanced wearable biosensing and wireless integration technologies for next-generation healthcare monitoring

Wearable sensors play a crucial role in biomedical applications, enabling real-time and long-term monitoring of physiological and metabolic signals that are essential for disease prevention and personalized healthcare. With excellent stretchability, biocompatibility, and self-healing capability, these novel devices continuously track human biophysical signals such as motion, respiration, and blood pressure, as well as chemical biomarkers including electrolytes, glucose, and lactate in body fluids. Recent advances in material design, sensing mechanisms, and integration technologies have greatly fueled the enhanced capabilities of wearable monitoring systems and their implementation in next-generation healthcare platforms. This review summarizes the key material properties required for reliable long-term monitoring, the main detectable physiological biomarkers, and the latest progress and challenges in sensor integration and communication.