Migrant Integration Policy in South American Countries

The article is devoted to the formation of a policy for the integration of migrants into the host societies of South American states. The specifics of migration processes in the countries of the subregion are considered. It has been established that there are countries of origin, transit and destination of migrants with the prevailing model of intraregional migration. The diversification of migration flows by origin, dynamics and routes has contributed to the development of new national mechanisms for managing migrant integration processes related to inclusion and social cohesion. The regional trends of the 21st century have been identified, expressed in the humanization of these processes and the modernization of migration legislation in accordance with international human rights standards. Special attention is paid to the processes of regularization of migrants in South American countries, as a response to the massive flows of migrants, primarily those from Venezuela. The article also examines the processes of migrants entering the labor market. Special attention is paid to migrants’ access to health and education systems, as well as to family reunification. It has been established that the majority of South American countries adhere to a broad understanding of the family that goes beyond the nuclear model. The article also shows the unique experience of a number of South American countries, which guarantees foreigners access not only to local but also national elections. Analyzing the integration processes, the author identified the main barriers standing in its way and also showed the ambivalence of South American migration policy – between humanization and securitization, but while preserving the traditions and values of South American countries open to migrants.