Risk Factors for the Occurrence of Interpretative Errors in Radiology

Background. The results of radiological examinations largely determine the subsequent treatment strategy. Errors occur in 20–40% of cases and can have serious negative consequences for patients. It is crucial to understand the causes of these errors, which may impact the possibility of reducing their incidence. Objective: to identify the main risk factors for interpretative errors in radiology when analyzing radiation studies. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 89 imaging studies with interpretative errors was conducted. The largest share had computed tomography (73%), followed by magnetic resonance imaging (15.7%), and radiography (11.3%). Errors were classified by prognostic factors from Category 1 (minimal changes) to Category 5 (critical). The time from initial examination to erroneous conclusions ranged from 0 to 2162 days, with an average of 80.6 days. Results. The most common errors were detected in studies of brain (33.7%), chest (24.7%), and abdomen (15.7%). Incorrect interpretations included neoplastic lesions (39.3%), inflammatory changes (28.1%), and vascular pathology (22.5%). The most frequently observed errors were those with prognostic Category 4, requiring changes in treatment tactics (69.7%). A number of risk factors for the occurrence of interpretative errors were identified: the leading one was “incomplete analysis of semiotic features” (42.7%), followed by “anamnesis” (19.1%) and “insufficient knowledge” (12.4%). However, in 18% of cases, no risk factors were identified. Conclusion. Identification of risk factors for the occurrence of diagnostic errors in the analysis of radiological studies is necessary for the subsequent development of preventive measures that should reduce the incidence of interpretative errors and improve the quality of radiological diagnostics in general.