Multi-field-enhanced photocatalysis and electrocatalysis for energy and environment application

External field-enhanced photocatalysis and electrocatalysis have attracted significant interest for upgrading catalytic transformations under coupled stimuli, enabling energy conversion and environmental remediation. However, traditional single-field enhancement methods face significant challenges, including low reaction efficiency, poor charge carrier separation, and limited stability under operating conditions, highlighting the need for multi-field enhancement strategies. Here, we demonstrate multi-field-enhanced photocatalysis and electrocatalysis by providing a comprehensive review of external field coupling strategies, thereby elucidating how synergistic multi-field regulation optimizes catalytic performance and overall reaction efficiency. Representative field modalities and coupling architectures are systematized to delineate the design space for multi-field regulation across photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. Core definitions and characteristics of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis are consolidated, and the development pathway is mapped from concept validation to descriptor-guided optimization and device-level integration. Research frontiers are coupled with focus on single-atom photocatalyst regulation, advances in in situ characterization, scalable device engineering, and the evolution of enhancement external fields. Typical single-field systems and multi-field coupling configurations are evaluated, and regulatory strategies are summarized for charge carrier separation, interfacial charge transfer, and mass transport control. Mechanistic principles are integrated to connect single-field effects with collaborative multi-field enhancement, and application progress is summarized across energy conversion, environmental remediation, and emerging cross-domain functions. This review explores the optimization of efficiency, charge carrier separation, and stability through multi-field coupling frameworks and design guidelines. It enhances the understanding of multi-field strategies for the advancement of external field-enhanced photocatalysis and electrocatalysis.