Experimental Evaluation of Different Optical Fibers for Micro-Invasive Soft Tissue Ablation with a 1064 nm Diode Laser System

This study presents an experimental evaluation of different optical fibers for soft tissue laser ablation using the Echolaser system, developed by Elesta S.p.A., for minimally invasive therapies. Eight fibers with varying core diameters, numerical apertures, and tip geometries (flat, conical radial, and spherical) were compared to investigate the influence of optical properties on ablation dimensions and thermal profiles. Experiments were conducted at 1064 nm with powers of 3, 5, and 7 W and delivered energies ranging from 1200 to 3600 J. Results highlight how fiber characteristics affect tissue ablation, identifying configurations suitable for minimally invasive prostate applications. These findings provide an experimental reference for the development of laser-based biomedical approaches.