Electromagnetic Back-Action in Dipole–Loop Magnetomechanics: State–Space Model, Memory Kernel, and Jerk/Absement Asymptotes

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Authors: Parker Emmerson
Cited by: 0

Abstract

A moving permanent magnet induces currents in nearby conductors and superconducting loops. This electrodynamic back-action produces forces that are history-dependent and, in general, cannot be represented by a conservative potential depending only on instantaneous separation. We derive a compact state--space model for the axial motion of a magnetic dipole coupled to an $N$-turn loop with inductance $L$ and resistance $R$. Using Faraday's law for the flux linkage $\Lambda(x)=N\Phi(x)$, the coupled dynamics are \[ L\dot i + R i = -\Lambda'(x)\dot x,\qquad F_{\mathrm{em}}(t)= i(t)\,\Lambda'(x(t)), \] which defines a passive, causal magnetomechanical memory element. Linearizing about an operating point $x_0$ yields an exact complex dynamic stiffness \[ K_{\mathrm{em}}(\omega) \equiv -\frac{F_{\mathrm{em}}(\omega)}{X(\omega)} = \frac{\Lambda'(x_0)^2\, i\omega}{R+i\omega L} = k_\infty\,\frac{i\omega\tau}{1+i\omega\tau}, \quad k_\infty=\frac{\Lambda'(x_0)^2}{L},\ \tau=\frac{L}{R}. \] We show that this back-action is exactly equivalent to a mechanical Maxwell element, derive closed-form expressions for added stiffness and added damping, and provide direct identification formulas for $(\tau,k_\infty)$ from measured complex stiffness. The dipole--loop geometry further admits an analytic design rule: the coupling gradient $|\Lambda'(x_0)|$ is maximized at $x_0=a/2$ where $a$ is the loop radius. Finally, we connect commonly proposed \emph{jerk-like} and \emph{absement-like} terms to controlled low- and high-frequency asymptotic expansions of the same passive kernel (with explicit validity limits). All predictions are validated by reproducible Python simulations, and code to generate figures and data is provided.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Mechanical and Optical Resonators Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids

Publication details

Journal / source
Preprints.org
Publication date
27 January 2026
Document type
Preprint