AgroNova: An Autonomous IoT Platform for Greenhouse Climate Control

This article presents AgroNova, an intelligent and autonomous Internet of Things (IoT) platform developed for real-time monitoring and control of the microclimate in greenhouses. The system combines distributed wireless sensor nodes, actuator mod-ules, a local gateway equipped with a rule-based control agent, and a cloud infra-structure for data visualization and decision support. The platform’s hybrid architec-ture enables autonomous operation in the event of internet failures and at the same time allows the integration of a large language model (LLM) for context-based deci-sions. AgroNova was implemented in a tomato greenhouse and validated over a period of seven months, during which over 400,000 environmental data points were recorded. The system effectively kept temperature and humidity within optimal agronomic ranges and reduced deviation time compared to manual control. In experimental tests, the LLM component generated relevant recommendations under complex conditions, such as bad weather. The results show that AgroNova is a reliable and scalable solution for greenhouse microclimate management. The combination of local autonomy and cloud intelligence of the platform offers promising applications in precision agriculture. Future work in-cludes extending the scope of LLM-assisted reasoning and adapting the platform to additional crops and greenhouse environments.