Spatial Flow Estimation Method Combining Space Syntax and Pedestrian Origin–Destination for Architectural Design Stage

Building spatial flow management is a critical link in ensuring the safe and efficient operation of spaces. Overcrowding in such spaces is likely to trigger a series of negative impacts, including delays and potential safety hazards. In this paper, we use the spatial flow estimation method to identify the future high-utilization space in the architectural design stage, so as to optimize the design scheme at the source and effectively alleviate the hidden danger of over-saturation of spatial flow in super high-rise buildings and transportation hubs. Firstly, the influencing factors of spatial flow are deeply analyzed in terms of the spatial structure and pedestrian demand based on fine microscopic simulation data of building pedestrians. Then, a space utilization intensity index is designed by introducing the visual integration degree of space syntax and the definition method of origin–destination (OD) influence scope considering obstacle derouting. Furthermore, the spatial flow is estimated based on the space utilization intensity index using regression analysis. Finally, taking the basement 1 floor of the Shenzhen Bay Super Headquarters Base C Tower connected with the metro as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. The results show that the MAPE is 26%.